E3C01

What effect does auroral activity have on radio communications?

  1. CW signals have a fluttery tone

E3C02

What is the cause of auroral activity?

  1. The emission of charged particles from the sun

E3C03

Where in the ionosphere does auroral activity occur?

  1. At E-region height

E3C04

Which emission mode is best for auroral propagation?

  1. CW

E3C05

What causes selective fading?

  1. Phase differences in the received signal caused by different paths

E3C06

How much farther does the VHF/UHF radio-path horizon distance exceed the geometric horizon?

  1. By approximately 15% of the distance

E3C07

How does the radiation pattern of a 3-element, horizontally polarized beam antenna vary with height above ground?

  1. The main lobe takeoff angle decreases with increasing height

E3C08

What is the name of the high-angle wave in HF propagation that travels for some distance within the F2 region?

  1. Pedersen ray

E3C09

What effect is usually responsible for propagating a VHF signal over 500 miles?

  1. Tropospheric ducting

E3C10

How does the performance of a horizontally polarized antenna mounted on the side of a hill compare with the same antenna mounted on flat ground?

  1. The main lobe takeoff angle decreases in the downhill direction

E3C11

From the contiguous 48 states, in which approximate direction should an antenna be pointed to take maximum advantage of auroral propagation?

  1. North

E3C12

As the frequency of a signal is increased, how does its ground wave propagation change?

  1. It decreases

E3C13

What type of polarization does most ground-wave propagation have?

  1. Vertical

E3C14

Why does the radio-path horizon distance exceed the geometric horizon?

  1. Radio waves may be bent

 

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